From cheap princess cut engagement rings. Clarity, together with cut, color, and carat weight, is one of the four important C’s used for evaluating and appraising Diamonds. Clarity determines the level of flawlessness of a given Diamond. With great clarity comes great transparency as well. Transparency determines the ability of light to pass through a Diamond and inclusions, which are a no-no in judging quality, can also hinder transparency. Use the following tips to help you evaluate the clarity and transparency of Gemstones.

How to Evaluate Clarity in a Gem
Clarity assesses and grades the external and internal characteristics of a given Gemstone. Inclusions such as feathers and crystals are examples of internal flaws. They originate from within but may extend to the surface. Blemishes such as scratches and nicks are examples of external flaws.

Blemishes are generally quite small and only appear on the surface of Diamonds. Feathers are cracks or fissures within a Gem. Crystals are minerals trapped inside Gemstones. Inclusions carry greater weight in Gemstones than other colored Gemstones. While they are expected to occur in certain Gemstones like red tourmaline and emerald, inclusions hardly occur in Gems like aquamarine and citrine. 

At times, inclusions and blemishes occur due to the cutting technique utilized. Also, inclusions, at times, increase the value of a Gemstone. This is true in the cases of eye in cats eye and stars in rubies and sapphires.

Upon assessing the number, color, nature, location, and size of these flaws, an authorized individual will then grade the clarity of the Gemstone in a scale of 0 to 10. 

Unlike cut, clarity definitely affects the prices of Gemstones. 

Types of Diamonds according to Clarity

Type 1   These Gemstones are free from inclusions most of the time. They include but aren’t limited to yellow beryl, blue topaz, and amethyst. Their grades range from VVS to I.

Type 2   These Gemstones generally possess inclusions. They include but aren’t limited to sapphires, rubies, and alexandrite. Their grades range from VVS to I as well.

Type 3   These Gems are rarely without inclusions. They include but aren’t limited to red tourmaline and emeralds. Their grades range from VVS to I1.

Factors Affecting Inclusions in Gemstones

Size   Minute and minor inclusions are small in size and hardly visible. Obvious inclusions are easily observable. Prominent includes are hard to miss at all.

Contrast   Also known as color or relief, contrast refers to the difference between a gem and included crystal. Inclusions, based on their contrast levels, may be barely noticeable or a distraction.

Number   Inclusions may appear individually or in clusters and clouds. Keep in mind however that the degree of distraction carries more weight than the number of inclusions present. 

Location   Inclusions located at the center of a Gem or under the table are less desirable than those occurring near the girdle.

Grading System for Diamond Clarity

VVS 1 and 2 Eye-Clean and Extra Fine   Something more than 10x magnification eyepiece is necessary just to make the inclusions in a Diamond visible.

VS 1 and 2 Slightly Included and Fine Quality   Tiny pin-prick inclusions are visible under careful scrutiny but their presence doesn’t affect the overall appearance of the Gem.

S1 Moderately Included and Good Quality   Although the inclusions of this ilk are easier to see, they still don’t detract too much from the overall appearance of the Diamond. 

S2 Moderately Included and Good to Medium-High Quality   When held closer than arms length, the Gemstone will show inclusions that are easily visible. 

Included 1, 2, and 3; Heavily to Severely Included and Low to Medium Quality - Inclusions here are either highly visible or worse, they virtually draw attention to themselves.

Levels of Transparency in a Diamond
Transparent Gems are those which you can see right through them. Their internal features are clear and defined. Semi-transparent Gems on the other hand may appear a bit hazy and blurry. Not all of its internal features may appear distinct. 

The internal characteristics of translucent Diamonds are vague and not that easy to see. Semi-translucent or semi-opaque Diamonds, on the other hand, simply provide even greater challenge for the individual to see through it.

Lastly, opaque Gems don’t show its internal characteristics at all. 

When evaluating the transparency and clarity of a Gem, make sure to clean it first as dirt and oil can reduce transparency. Use a microscope if possible. Lastly, loose Diamonds are easier to evaluate because settings can conceal inclusions located at the Diamonds pavilion.

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